Sources

Landing page for wiki/sources/ — one page per ingested article or paper. Each source page includes the full citation, study design, key findings, limitations, and a relevance note.

• Azhar 2021 - SCANDIV 5-Year Outcomes — SCANDIV trial, 5-year RCT follow-up: laparoscopic lavage vs. primary resection for perforated purulent diverticulitis. No difference in complications/mortality/QoL; lavage has lower stoma rate but higher recurrence and reoperation rate. Backs Diverticulitis and SCANDIV Trial.
• Vennix 2015 - Ladies Trial LOLA — Ladies trial (LOLA group), stopped early for safety: lavage had significantly higher short-term morbidity/reintervention and recurrence than sigmoidectomy; no difference in 12-month composite outcome, mortality, or QoL. Backs Diverticulitis and Ladies Trial (LOLA).
• Boublikova 2023 - TNT in Rectal Cancer Review — narrative review synthesizing 4 phase III TNT trials (POLISH II, RAPIDO, PRODIGE 23, STELLAR); efficacy, indications, regimens, NOM. Backs Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) and Rectal Cancer.
• Hoehn 2021 - Appendiceal Neoplasms — review of all 5 appendiceal neoplasm histopathologic subtypes (MAN/PMP, NEN, GCA, colonic-type, signet ring), AJCC/PSOGI staging, and CRS/HIPEC controversies. Backs Appendiceal Neoplasms and Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC.
• Lambrichts 2019 - LADIES DIVA Trial — LADIES DIVA arm: primary anastomosis strongly favored over Hartmann’s procedure for Hinchey III/IV perforated diverticulitis (stoma-free survival 94.6% vs 71.7%). Backs Diverticulitis and Ladies Trial.
• Sabiston Ch52 - Diverticular Disease, Obstruction & Pseudo-Obstruction — textbook reference chapter (chunk 1 of Sabiston’s “Colon and Rectum” chapter). Uncomplicated diverticulitis, elective surgery timing, special populations, large bowel obstruction, Ogilvie syndrome. Backs Diverticulitis, Large Bowel Obstruction, and Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (Ogilvie Syndrome). More chunks of this chapter to follow (IBD, neoplasia/rectal cancer surgery, pelvic floor).
• Sabiston Ch52 - Inflammatory Bowel Disease — textbook reference chapter (chunk 2 of Sabiston’s “Colon and Rectum” chapter). UC and Crohn’s epidemiology, classification, diagnosis, medical treatment, surgical indications/options. Backs Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn Disease, and Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis (IPAA). More chunks of this chapter to follow (infectious/ischemic colitis, neoplasia/rectal cancer surgery, pelvic floor).
• Sabiston Ch52 - Infectious & Ischemic Colitis — textbook reference chapter (chunk 3 of Sabiston’s “Colon and Rectum” chapter). C. difficile and other infectious colitis, ischemic colitis. Backs Infectious Colitis and Ischemic Colitis. More chunks of this chapter to follow (neoplasia/rectal cancer surgery, pelvic floor).
• Sabiston Ch52 - Colorectal Neoplasia & Colon Cancer Surgery — textbook reference chapter (chunk 4 of Sabiston’s “Colon and Rectum” chapter). CRC molecular pathways, polyps, hereditary CRC syndromes, TNM staging, colon cancer surgical technique, obstructing colon cancer. Backs Colorectal Cancer Molecular Pathways, Colorectal Polyps, Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Syndromes (and its three detail pages), Colorectal Cancer Staging (TNM), Colon Cancer Resection, and Obstructing Colon Cancer. More chunks of this chapter to follow (rectal cancer surgery, pelvic floor).
• Sabiston Ch52 - Rectal Cancer Surgery — textbook reference chapter (chunk 5 of Sabiston’s “Colon and Rectum” chapter). Rectal cancer preop evaluation/staging, TME history, LAR, sphincter- sparing surgery, taTME, APR, anastomotic complications, LARS, adjuvant chemotherapy by stage. Backs the expanded Rectal Cancer page, Local Excision of Rectal Neoplasms, Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) & Sphincter-Sparing Resection, Abdominoperineal Resection (APR), Colorectal Anastomotic Complications, and Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS).
• Sabiston Ch52 - Pelvic Floor Disorders & Constipation — textbook reference chapter (chunk 6, the final chunk, of Sabiston’s “Colon and Rectum” chapter). Anorectal physiology testing, rectal prolapse, SRUS, rectocele, constipation. Backs Anorectal Physiology Testing, Rectal Prolapse (Procidentia), Rectal Prolapse Repair, Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome (SRUS), Rectocele, and Constipation. This completes the entire “Colon and Rectum” chapter (82 pages across 6 chunks).
• Sabiston Ch50 - Small Bowel Anatomy, Physiology, Obstruction & Crohn Disease — textbook reference chapter (chunk 1 of Sabiston’s “Small Bowel” chapter). Embryology, anatomy, physiology, motility, endocrine/immune function; small bowel obstruction; Crohn disease (full small-bowel treatment: history, epidemiology, genetics, pathology, diagnosis, medical therapy, surgery incl. strictureplasty). Backs the new Small Intestine Anatomy & Physiology and Small Bowel Obstruction pages, and substantially expands Crohn Disease (previously built only from Sabiston Ch52 - Inflammatory Bowel Disease). More chunks of this chapter to follow (remaining inflammatory/infectious diseases, neoplasms, diverticular disease, miscellaneous problems).
• Sabiston Ch50 - Infectious Enteritis & Small Bowel Neoplasms — textbook reference chapter (chunk 2 of Sabiston’s “Small Bowel” chapter). Remainder of Crohn disease (colorectal/perianal/ duodenal disease, prognosis), typhoid enteritis, immunocompromised-host enteritis, and small bowel neoplasms (NETs, adenocarcinoma, GIST, lymphoma, benign tumors). Backs the expanded Crohn Disease page, and the new Typhoid Enteritis, Enteritis in the Immunocompromised Host, Small Bowel Neoplasms, Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs), Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma, and Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) pages. More chunks of this chapter to follow (diverticular disease, miscellaneous problems).
• Sabiston Ch50 - Diverticular Disease & Miscellaneous Problems — textbook reference chapter (chunk 3, the final chunk, of Sabiston’s “Small Bowel” chapter). Additional GIST prognostic/ mutation-directed therapy detail, metastatic neoplasms to the small bowel, diverticular disease (duodenal, jejunoileal, Meckel), and miscellaneous problems (ulcerations, foreign bodies, enterocutaneous fistula, pneumatosis intestinalis, blind loop syndrome, radiation enteritis, short bowel syndrome, SMA syndrome). Backs the expanded Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) and Small Bowel Neoplasms pages, and the new Small Bowel Diverticular Disease, Duodenal Diverticula, Jejunal and Ileal Diverticula, Meckel Diverticulum, Small Bowel Ulcerations, Ingested Foreign Bodies, Enterocutaneous Fistula, Pneumatosis Intestinalis, Blind Loop Syndrome, Radiation Enteritis, Short Bowel Syndrome, and Vascular Compression of the Duodenum (SMA Syndrome) pages. This completes the entire “Small Bowel” chapter (61 pages across 3 chunks) and the wiki’s original planned ingest list.
• Bahadoer 2021 - RAPIDO Trial — RAPIDO phase 3 RCT: SCRT+chemo (TNT) vs standard CRT in high-risk LARC. Reduced disease-related treatment failure and distant metastases, but no OS benefit and a numerically (later reportedly significantly) higher locoregional failure rate with TNT. Backs Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) and Rectal Cancer.
• Conroy 2024 - PRODIGE 23 Long-Term Results — PRODIGE 23 long-term (7-year) follow-up: chemotherapy-first TNT (mFOLFIRINOX) vs standard CRT in LARC. First rectal-cancer TNT trial to show a real OS benefit, with no locoregional trade-off. Backs Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) and Rectal Cancer.
• Jin 2022 - STELLAR Trial — STELLAR phase 3 RCT: SCRT-based TNT (like RAPIDO) vs standard CRT in LARC. Noninferior DFS, numerically better OS (non-powered), and — unlike RAPIDO — no locoregional trade-off, at the cost of roughly double the acute grade ≥3 toxicity. Backs Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) and Rectal Cancer.
• Schrag 2023 - PROSPECT Trial — PROSPECT phase 2/3 RCT: neoadjuvant FOLFOX with selective CRT vs routine CRT in lower-risk, sphincter-sparing-eligible LARC. A radiation-omission trial, distinct from the TNT-intensification trials above; noninferior DFS, 90% avoided radiation entirely. Backs Rectal Cancer. (Uploaded filename mislabeled this as RAPIDO — corrected in the source page.)
• Caplin 2014 - CLARINET Trial — CLARINET phase 3 RCT: lanreotide vs placebo in nonfunctioning enteropancreatic NETs. Significantly prolonged PFS (median not reached vs 18.0 months). Backs Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs).
• Rinke 2009 - PROMID Trial — PROMID phase IIIB RCT: octreotide LAR vs placebo in treatment-naive midgut NETs. First placebo-controlled antiproliferative evidence for a somatostatin analogue (median TTP 14.3 vs 6.0 months); OS analysis underpowered/not confirmatory. Backs Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs).
• Strosberg 2017 - NETTER-1 Trial — NETTER-1 phase 3 RCT: 177Lu-Dotatate (PRRT) vs high-dose octreotide in SSA-progressive midgut NETs. 79% lower risk of progression/death; interim OS signal not yet mature. Backs Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs).
• Yao 2016 - RADIANT-4 Trial — RADIANT-4 phase 3 RCT: everolimus vs placebo in advanced non-functional lung/GI NETs (excludes pancreatic/functioning tumors). Median PFS 11.0 vs 3.9 months; interim OS trend not statistically significant. Backs Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs).
• Ciseł 2019 - POLISH II Long-Term Results — POLISH II long-term (7-year) follow-up: short-course RT + consolidation FOLFOX4 vs long-course chemoradiation in cT4/fixed-cT3 rectal cancer. A genuinely neutral trial — no difference in OS, DFS, local failure, or distant metastases in either direction; an early 3-year OS edge for the short-course/consolidation arm did not persist to 8 years. Backs Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) and Rectal Cancer.
• Dijkstra 2023 - RAPIDO 5-Year Locoregional Failure — RAPIDO trial’s 5.6-year extended follow-up, focused on locoregional recurrence. Confirms a statistically significant increase in locoregional recurrence with TNT (10.2% vs 6.1%, P=0.027) that was only a non-significant trend at 3 years — resolves this wiki’s previously-flagged unresolved cross-trial disagreement as a RAPIDO-specific finding. Systemic-control benefit (DrTF, distant metastases) remains durable at 5 years; still no OS difference. Backs Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) and Rectal Cancer.
• Quénet 2021 - PRODIGE 7 Trial — PRODIGE 7 phase 3 RCT: cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) vs CRS alone for colorectal peritoneal metastases. No OS or relapse-free-survival benefit from adding HIPEC; significantly more morbidity at 60 days with HIPEC. Backs Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC.
• Brouquet 2020 - GRECCAR16 Trial Protocol — NORAD01-GRECCAR16 phase 3 trial protocol (no results yet): modified FOLFIRINOX replacing radiotherapy entirely vs standard chemoradiation in CRM-negative resectable LARC. Backs Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) and Rectal Cancer.
• Alvarez 2024 - JANUS Trial Protocol — Alliance A022104/NRG-GI010 “Janus” phase II/III trial protocol (no results yet, still accruing): triplet (mFOLFIRINOX) vs doublet (mFOLFOX6/CAPOX) consolidation chemotherapy after long-course CRT, for clinical complete response and DFS/organ preservation. Backs Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT).